Since the development of automated DNA sequencing technology there has been an explosion in the amount and utility of genetic information available across a wide variety of biological systems. The potential value of this information has promoted investment in a range of new nanotechnologies that will transform our capability to generate and analyse genetic material. This new information and technologies will increasingly be incorporated as a routine part of a wide variety of production processes. The ability to develop systems and capabilities that make the best use of this new molecular era will be crucial in adding value to the supply chain from farm gate to consumer.