For catchment management, land and soil capability is a major mechanism for assessing the sustainability of land management practices. This methodology is proposed as a method of assessing land and soil capability that is logically consistent, comprehensive and transparent. Land limitations such as climate, slope and terrain are considered together with soil limitations such as acidification, water erosion hazard and soil salinisation hazard. How these limitations interact to give a land and soil capability is described. The original Rural land Capability Scheme of the NSW Consevation Service is modified to include the specific soil limitations and a key developed to derive the land capability classes.