The Clustering Alliance - Number 13
This newsletter is for 240 + members/friends of Clusters Asia Pacific Inc. (formerly ANZAC)
– the largest cluster network in the southern hemisphere.
Ruxton sinks ANZAC – Clusters Asia Pacific surfaces
As advised last month, I wrote to Mr. Michael Hughes, Chief of Staff, Minister for Veteran’s Affairs, for advice re use of ANZAC. He responded as follows:
‘The Protection of the Word ‘ANZAC’ Regulations, in force under the War Precautions Act 1920, prevents the use of the word ‘ANZAC’ in connection with any trade, business, calling or profession without the approval of the Minister…..the reason is to preserve the significance of the relationship of that word with the bravery and self-sacrifice of the first ANZACs. Exceptions …. can be made ….businesses located on an ANZAC Highway and ANZAC biscuits.’
We were expecting this of course, and hard to argue. For our overseas readers’ benefit, ANZAC Day is important in the national psyche – and a loveable old, right wing monarchist Bruce Ruxton, the Secretary of the Victorian Branch of the Returned Services League never let’s Australians lose respect for the day – besides it’s a national holiday when we play two-up, fish for white pointers etc. I think Bruce would have been in the dark re our enquiry, and I think it best to keep him that way.
Clusters Asia Pacific Inc. is our new title – it is what we are!
About Clusters Asia Pacific Inc.
We are a network of organisations with a common interest in developing and sharing knowledge about clusters, and in collaborating with like-minded groups in the Asia Pacific region and beyond.
At present, Clusters Asia Pacific Inc. is a virtual operation – a cluster of cluster expertise. However in the longer-term there is the prospect of establishing a hub and spoke arrangement.
Apart from sharing information and experiences, we look for commercial or professional opportunities on each other’s behalf. As part of this approach, we have developed links with organisations in twenty five countries, including Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Denmark, England, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, USA and Wales. We are keen to establish links with any country that has an economic relationship with our region.
While our work delves into many public policy issues, and goes well beyond the individual interests of members, we have operated without any government support or external sponsorship. Since we are now in expansion mode, we are seeking support by way of sponsorship or membership. Clusters Asia Pacific circulates a monthly newsletter, free of charge, to its members and friends.
Foundation Members
Organisations (representing companies)
- Business Vision 2010, Adelaide
- Cairns Region Economic Development Corporation
- Central Murray Area Consultative Committee
- Gippsland Development Ltd.
- Industry Development Corporation, Newcastle
- Inland Marketing Corporation, Central West NSW
- Southern Province Projects Group, Albany
Research/Education
- Ballarat University (School of Business)
- CSIRO Division of Building, Construction & Engineering, Sydney
- University of SA (National Institute of Manufacturing Management), Adelaide
- University of Technology (School of Management), Sydney
- University of New England (Rural Development Centre), Armidale
Local Councils
- Bega Valley Shire Council
- Bland Shire Council (West Wyalong)
- Deniliquin Shire Council
- Hepburn Shire Council
- Playford City Council
Associated Agencies
- Australian Project Developments Pty Ltd, ACT
- Cluster Navigators Ltd (Wellington NZ
- Innovation & Systems Ltd. (Wellington NZ
- OECD (Territorial Development Service), Paris
Co-chairs:
Mr. Roden Genoff, Economic & Industry Strategist, Playford City Council, SA rgenoff@playford.sa.gov.au
Professor Julian Lowe, Head – School of Business, Ballarat University, Victoria. Julian.Lowe@Ballarat.edu.au
Executive Director:
Mr. Rod Brown apd@orac.net.au
The annual membership fee is a low $A 500 (or $NZ 500 for our cousins). Please email Rod Brown or Silverhawk for further details.
Ode to bureaucrats
One of my friends thought this newsletter is a bit critical of government people. Yes, bureaucrats are often unjustly criticised – even by those within the system, as evidenced a few years back by the cry of ‘tea-sipping, time-serving turds’ from an ageing bureaucrat in the Industry Department.
The truth is somewhat different. Outsiders really don’t appreciate the pressure that senior officials are under – tight deadlines, fending off critics, Senate Estimates hearings, inter-departmental stoushes – plus the drudgery of corporate planning, program evaluation, briefings that never get read or recognised. OK, I will never convince you, but remember that bureaucrats – whether in federal, state or local politics in Australia or in Afghanistan – are mostly human. Have you noticed that most of the smutty jokes come from bureaucrats?
The moral of this story is that convincing bureaucrats about anything can be helped by:
- Offering some solutions (not just laying out the problem)
- Being collaborative and progressive
- Understanding the policy settings (governments rarely do u-turns)
- Sometimes stretching the boundaries, and being best practice.
On the last point, an Industry Minister once straightened me out for talking about an initiative being Australian best practice. His words were ‘Bullshit! I want world’s best practice”. He was right of course.
CAP Inc. in Paris
Mr. Rodin Genoff (City of Playford, SA), the co-chair of CAP Inc., is Australia’s speaker at the OECD Congress on Local Clusters in Paris on 23-24 January.
His address will cover the supply chain work that the City of Playford is doing with UTS (Prof. Graeme Sheather), and the food cluster work being progressed with Virginia, Adelaide Hills, Riverland, Barossa etc. He will also table the report I have just completed ‘Clusters, Innovation & Investment’ (see later).
Hugh Forde, the guru of the BV 2010 cluster agenda in Adelaide is also attending, as is Paquita Lamacraft of Hepburn Shire Council who was previously working with US and other Australian regions. Darren Cleland of Cairns Region Economic Development Corporation will also be attending – he works with John Dean and Tracey Scott-Rimington. Other CAP Inc. friends such as David Dodd of Louisianna USA will be there. I heard one report that hundreds will be in attendance – judging by the speakers, the French are taking the subject very seriously. Contact me if you are interested in a desperate late bid.
Old Durham Town
The Foundation for Small and Medium Enterprise Development at the University of Durham has indicated interest in both linking clusters and educational opportunities. It has had 30 years of experience in training and capacity building for economic development and entrepreneurship in over 50 countries around the world. Previously this was the Small Business Centre at Durham University Business School (DUBS).
Staff of 25 staff covering a range of research and training expertise relevant to cluster development - a number of courses at the Certificate, Diploma and Masters level. Durham offers a unique experience to develop the capacity of decision makers. This is achieved through tailored programs and internships. The program has been running for four years with participants from UK, France, Jordan, China, India and Kenya.
The training programs are underpinned by extensive cutting edge research on cluster development. The Foundation for SME Development believes that appropriate support for entrepreneurial economic development should be based on a thorough understanding of the practices of businesses themselves. Therefore our teaching materials are built out of existing research that has been tested and developed with courses being run in all continents.
Contact: fergus.lyon@durham.au.uk
Cluster updates
The Monash Research Cluster for Biomedicine at Clayton (20km east of Melbourne city) recently won a $2 million grant from the Victorian Government. The cluster is designed to foster developments between academic researchers and the biomeidcal industry through new medical imaging facilities, a structural biliogy facility, and advanced DNA capabilities.
The Monash Medical School is also a major player in the ongoing development of the Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, which is located at the Alfred Hospital in Prahan (an inner suburb). This precinct received $8 million over 3 years – it is designed to combine the research and teaching expertise of Monash, the Alfred Hospital, the Macfarlane Burnet Centre, the Baker Medical Research Institute and other institutions and biomed companies.
European Perspectives
The OECD’s Working Group on Innovation and Science Policy recently circulated a report arising out of its work on national innovation systems. I have paraphrased the key parts.
- Innovation seldom takes place in isolation but is systemic. The notion of a cluster is cantered around linkages between (firm and non-firm) actors needed for bringing about innovation.
- Clusters are networks of production of strongly interdependent firms (including specialised suppliers) linked to each other in a value-adding production chain.
- Clusters mostly also encompass strategic alliances with universities, research institutes, knowledge-intensive business services, bridging institutions (brokers, consultants) and customers.
- Proximity to shared resources (e.g. technological competence, key client, specialised labour) can be of importance to the functioning of clusters, although clusters are not exclusively or by definition regional or local.
- The cluster approach focuses on the linkages and interdependencies among networked actors for bringing about innovation (systemic activity that requires an active search process).
- The cluster approach offers a menu-approach ….those involved in upgrading clusters can pick and choose, depending on the needs of the actors in a cluster.
- Cluster studies can in practice be used as a working method for policy making (i.e. policy learning) and as an economic development tool for strategic business development.
IT clusters feature high on the agenda of both policy-makers and innovation researchers…..they can different from each other. The cluster in Finland in which Nokia play a pivotal role (in its value chain 4,000 other firms are involved) is highly dissimilar from the case of Ireland (switch from FDI-based development strategy to developing an indigeneous ICT cluster), the UK (various regional clusters historically strongly influenced by defence and spatial planning policies) or Spain (strong
There are various reasons why the cluster approach is seen as advantageous and to be preferred to the sectoral approach to innovation.
The need for a closer link between cluster analysis and cluster policy practice is to make the whole process of cluster identification, cluster selection, cluster actions (and knowing when to stop) more transparent and verifiable. These 2nd or 3rd generation cluster policies are designed in such a way as to increase credibility in policy environments and allow for measuring the effectiveness of cluster policy-making.
Contact: svend.remoe@oecd.org
The Boys from Brazil + others
Mr. Rodolfo Koeppel of the Federation of Industries in the Menas Gerais (FIEMG), which is a key state in the south east of Brazil, indicated subsequent to the conference that his organisation would be very interested in sharing information and ideas with clusters in Australia. He referred to previously harmonious dealings with Australian firms in the mining industry. FIEMG is also involved in a range of other clusters.
There appears to be very interesting potential cooperation with the Agribusiness cluster in Cairns, Queensland and the Riverland region in South Australia. From little acorns…..
ANGLE Technology (UK), is of interest in terms of undertaking cluster analysis in a joint venture with Cluster Asia Pacific interests, or in identifying joint venturers for Australian or New Zealand companies in the UK or Europe.
Oxford Research, based in Denmark, has indicated interest in being involved in linking clusters between Asia Pacific region and elsewhere.
The Danish Ministry for Trade & Industry feels the linked clusters concept is very interesting, since it is always very keen on international knowledge-sharing. Consideration is currently being given to areas of potential. It is publishing a report on 29 Danish 'clusters of competence', the political consequences of which are to be discussed at a large conference in February.
Cultural Perspective
In the UK recently, I came across this classic observation (Daily Telegraph, 6 October 2000)
“Greta Scaachi (the actress) moved to Australia at the age of 15, which presumably accounts for her alarming directness”.
Moi? Direct? Stone the f…ing crows, bring on the Republic!!
‘Clusters, Innovation & Investment’ – major report
The report on the Scotland TCI Conference plus the unveiling of the ‘Linking Clusters’ initiative is at the printers - to be tabled in Paris on 23-24 January.
Here are some excerpts from the Executive Summary.
The development of industry clustering theory and practice continues in two interrelated streams (which accounts for some of the confusion):
- the physical phenomenon where companies (and people) tend to congregate in particular locations due to the proximity to infrastructure, soil, water, other people etc.
- the clustering agendas, which collectively comprise a body of knowledge regarding industry/regional development techniques that aim to build critical mass and achieve a better balance between collaboration and competition.
When all the theory and mystique is stripped away, clustering agendas are about nurturing collaborative instincts and trust. The key to successful cluster development is to identify and then leverage off ‘enlightened self-interest’.
In Australia, there is particular scope for clustering concepts to facilitate R&D commercialisation and investment flows. The seven problem areas for application are:
- Insufficient information for the potential investor
- Short-term focus by proponents
- Weak feedback from governments and investors
- Inadequate skills
- Rivalry & low level of trust
- Inadequacy of supporting infrastructure
- Lack of connection between the players
The Scottish Government has made a significant commitment to use clustering concepts to build industrial capacity and strong supply chains. The CEO of Scottish Enterprise summed it up – ‘successful firms don’t just happen - some do, but the majority do not’
- expenditure involves £38 million over 4 years in respect of biotechnology, £46 million over 4 years for semiconductors, plus tourism, food and drink, as well as four new cluster agendas. The annual ballpark is around $A80 million p.a. 8. The big issue is the relationship between the foreign multinationals and the SMEs. Scottish
- Scottish Enterprise is using clustering concepts to build world-class nodes in key locations, to attract off-shore investment. Support from the EC is secured on a case by case basis.
The collective wisdom at the Glasgow TCI conference is encapsulated by the experts:
‘Don’t try to build trust – get people to solve a problem (trust is an outcome of problem-solving)….don’t look to build networks for their own sake’.
‘The easier way to approach the question of where to start is to look at market failings, and cluster analysis helps in this regard. Market failure might include - lack of information, managerial myopia, under-provision of public goods and coordination failure (‘people just can’t organise it’)
‘Clusters will grow in importance in the New Economy, given that it requires the revitalisation of old sectors, knowledge transfer and creativity, collective learning, untraded interdependence (favours), spill-over effects from new business formation, and project-based collaboration’.
‘The uptake of R&D is increased by access to advice and support services, as well as knowledge sharing. Clusters deliver economies of scale for infrastructure, create Centres of Excellence, facilitate informal transfer, attract/retain high calibre employees and facilitate links to R&D establishments’
‘People and investors want to know what places will be most attractive in terms of investment – space matters more than ever….Firms benefit from action to build clusters because it builds more attractive locations – this is a combination of immovable and intangible assets’.
‘Supply chains are moving on-line. The computer and electronics industries are strengthening their supply chains via on-line technology. Industries to follow are utilities, shipping, pharmaceuticals. ‘It’s the job of clusters to move these industries into e-commerce’.
‘The links between the players are critical. BT wants to better understand how to build economies and help regional players to connect via clustering techniques and online/electronic networks. Although BT is becoming increasingly global, it needs to extract revenues from local markets, and this can be done via cluster-led regional development’.
‘We think the losers are the entrepreneurs who are isolated, and the winners are those who are part of clusters’.
‘Clusters help business find a common interest, and thereby organise themselves’
‘Clusters lead to people spilling the beans’.
‘Politicians tend to look short-term, whereas cluster agendas are essentially long-term’.
The biggest question in Australia at present seems to be ‘When do you know you have a cluster?’ There is a perceived need for greater intellectual rigour into this area. Accordingly, Clusters Asia Pacific is currently working with international experts to better identify and evaluate clusters, based around some key criteria.
There is prima facie evidence that the linking of clusters can be of benefit in commercialising R&D and attracting investment. There are three reasons.
- First, people with innate collaborative tendencies probably gravitate to clustering agendas. By linking such people via clusters, information should flow more readily.
- Secondly, the strong parochialism and competitive instincts at both the company and regional level in Australia retard collaboration. Our working hypothesis is that clusters in different countries, because they are not in direct competition, may find it easier to collaborate.
- Thirdly, clusters are fundamentally about building trust. As trust and confidence grows, the commercial relationship is deepened. This is critically important in the area of R&D collaboration, where intellectual property issues are uppermost in both parties’ minds.
The report is free to CAP Inc. members - $20 for non-members (+ GST of 10% for Aust.)
Clusters – where art thou?
Okay, everyone has been asking for the list. A world first – but please note that it is still interim.
New South Wales
Newcastle/Hunter Valley
- Agribusiness
- Education & training
- Sustainable industries
- IT
- Building & construction
- Mining services
Contact: Mr. Trevor Pennifold
Bega
- Agrifood
Contact: Mr. Rob Owen ppr@acr.net.au
Bermagui
- Fishing & related services
Contact: Mr. Rob Owen ppr@acr.net.au
West Wyalong
- Road transport
Contact: Mr. Gary Kerr blandsc@westserv.net.au
Sydney central
- Film (Fox Studios)
- Manufacturing technology & IT/telecoms (Redfern - ATC)
- North Sydney/Ryde
- IT & telecoms
- Western Sydney
- Light manufacturing
- Scone
- Horse breeding
- Wollongong
- Steel
Albury Wodonga
- Environmental industries
- Agribusiness
- Manufacturing
Wagga Wagga
- Light manufacturing
- agrifood
Armidale
- Education
Bega
- Dairying
Young
- Stone fruit
Mudgee
- Wine
Dubbo
- Agribusiness
Orange/Bathurst
- Agribusiness
- Manufacturing eg. whitegoods
Northern Rivers
- Tourism
- Food
- Furniture
- Medicinal plants, nurseries
Riverina/Deniliquin
- Viticulture/horticulture
- Sustainability & water conservation
Victoria
Ballarat
- IT
- Education
Contacts:
Prof. Julian Lowe julian.lowe@ballarat.edu.au
Paul Miller p.miller@ballarat.edu.au
Daylesford
- Arts
- Holistic Health
- Plantation Eucalyptus
Contact: Ms. Paquita Lamacraft
Parkville (Melbourne University)
- Biotechnology
Eastern Melbourne
- Consultancy services
Contact: t.b.a.
Warrnambool
- Dairying
Contact: t.b.a.
Geelong
- Wool textiles
Yarra Valley
- Wine/gourmet food
Monash University/Clayton
- Medical
- Education
Goulburn Valley/Sthn NSW
- Horticulture (esp. tomatoes, stone fruits)
- Transport
- Dairy
Mildura/Sunraysia
- Horticulture/wine
Western Melbourne
- Defence, engineering
Latrobe Valley
- Energy
East Gippsland
- timber
Torquay
- Surfwear
Beechworth
- Tourism
Mornington Peninsular
- Wine
North East Victoria
- Wine
Queensland
Cairns
10 cluster agendas underway, including:
- Cairns Infotech Enterprises
Contact: Mr Darren Cleland
- Cairns International Education Providers
Contact: Ms. Tracey Scott-Rimington
- Ecofish TNQ – Seafood & Marine
Contact: Mr Darren Cleland
- Australian Tropical Foods
Contact: Ms Julie Churchill
- Greenhouse Australia - Nursery
Contact: Mr Angelo Finocchiaro
- Super Yachts
Contact: Mr John Dean
Brisbane region
- Biotechnology
- IT (games, multimedia)
New Farm (Brisbane)
- Transport
West Brisbane
- Heavy engineering
- Ipswich
- Horticulture &food processing
- Aerospace
- Building products
Toowoomba
- Agribusiness
- Education
- Agricultural machinery
- Organic food (grains, milk, beef)
Labrador
- Light marine
Logan./SE Queensland
- Construction equipment: wall panels, composites
- Packaged food
- Electronics (measuring equipment)
Gold Coast
- Tourism
- Health & medical services
Sunshine Coast
- Tourism
- Food & beverages (ginger, pineapples)
- Aged care
Rockhampton
- Education
- Beef
- Mineral processing (nickel, magnesium)
- Tourism: surf ‘n turf
Longreach
- Tourism
Townsville
- Minerals processing
- Food processing
- Harvesting equipment
- Defence
Mackay
- Coal services
- Sugar
Gladstone
- Engineering products, services
- Mineral processing
- Chemicals, plastics
- Aquaculture/seafood
- Timber & boat-building
- Aged & health care
South Australia
Adelaide
- Defence
- Spatial information
- Water management
- International tourism
- Sport & recreation
- Environment
- Renewable Energy
- Arts
- Age Lifestyle
- Geoscientists/mining exploration
- Convention industry
- Geoscience/mining exploration
Contact: Mr. Hugh Forde hugh.forde@sabv2010.com.au
Barossa Valley
- Wine/food
Contact: Mr. Bill Brook bld@dove.net.au
Upper Spencer Gulf
- Remote Resources
Virginia
- Horticulture
Contacts: Mr. Rodin Genoff regenoff@playford.sa.gov.au
Mr. Gerry Davies gdavies@virginiahc.com.au
Riverland
- Horticulture
Port Lincoln
- Seafood
Mount Gambier
- Forestry
Victor Harbor
- Aged care
Western Australia
Albany
- Agri-engineering
- Equine
- Food tourism
Contact: Mr. Len van der Waag
North Perth/Yanchep area
- City development
Contact: Mr. Dusan Mills wave@ideaproject.com.au
Jervoise Bay
- marine engineering
Port Hedland
- minerals processing/energy
Kalgoorlie
- mining/minerals processing
Margaret River
- wine
North Perth
- medical/education
Kununurra
- horticulture
Bunbury
- minerals processing
- agrifood
Tasmania
Launceston/Tamar River
- food/tourism
Hobart (Salamander)
- historical tourism
ACT
Canberra
- Environmental industries
Contact: Mr. Rod Brown apd@orac.net.au
- Research/Education
- IT
- Sport (AIS)
Northern Territory
Darwin
- Energy/heavy engineering
- Defence
New Zealand - North Island
Auckland
- Marine Export
- Film & TV
- Software
- Arts & Culture
Hawke's Bay
- Engineering Technologies
- Forestry, Wood processing & furniture
- Wine
- Production control systems
- Retirement
Howenhenua
- Apparel
- Retirement
Palmerston North
- Defence
Taranaki
- Oil & Gas services
- Engineering
Tauranga
- Processed Foods
Wanganui
• Sports
Wellington
- Creative Capital (Multimedia)
- Earthquake Engineering Services
- Natural Hazards Services
- Software & Wireless Internet
- e business services
- Education
New Zealand - South Island
Dunedin
- Engineering Technologies
- Biotechnology
- Multimedia
- Forestry
Nelson
- Fishing
- Cultural Tourism
- Forestry
- Arts & Fine Crafts
Christchurch
- Electronics
- Floriculture
- Horticulture & Fresh Foods
- Engineering
- Software
Southland
- Floriculture
- Forestry
Footnote
The clusters in bold have formalised mechanisms in place, or in train. The remainder have:
- specific competitive advantages, and potential to benefit from formalised cluster agendas, or
- Cluster potential currently being researched.
The list is indicative only. Clusters Asia Pacific members are progressively updating it to assist collaboration, including linkages to like clusters in other countries.
© Clusters Asia Pacific Inc.
January 2001
Phone/fax 02 - 62317 261 apd@orac.net.au
Bad Taste column
Major dispute at the European Parliament last week about the packaging of condoms!
The French wanted 5 in a pack - one for Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, with the weekend off.
The Italians wanted 7 - one for each day in the week.
The Germans wanted 10 - all for Monday!
And the British (poms to you) wanted 12 - January, February, March.....
(source: Alan Harvey, Northern Ireland) – (Alan, can you explain the German bit please? Over ny head. Ed.)
Speaking of rednecks:
You know you are a redneck when:
- your home is mobile, but the 14 vehicles parked outside are not
- you have been married three times, but you still have the same in-laws
- your outdoor furniture once was your indoor furniture
- your dog breaks wind, and you claim it.
(Source: US internet site via Rod Cheatley, CEO, Gippsland Development Inc.)
A man left for work one Friday afternoon, but since it was payday, he stayed out the entire weekend partying with the boys and spending his entire paycheck instead of just going straight home. When he finally appeared at home on Sunday night, he was confronted by a very angry wife and a two-hour tirade befitting his actions.
Finally his wife stopped the nagging and simply asked, "How would you like it if you didn't see me for two or three days?"
The man replied, "That would be fine with me."
Monday went by and he didn't see his wife. Tuesday and Wednesday came and went with the same results. Come Thursday, the swelling went down just enough that he could see her a little bit out of the corner of his left eye.
(Source: Barry Critchley, National Post, Toronto – via Sunshine, Vic., ANU, BTE etc.)
FRUITCAKE RECIPE
1 cup water, 1 cup sugar, 4 large eggs, 2 cups dried fruit, 1 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon salt, 1 cup brown sugar, 2 teaspoons lemon juice, 1 cup mixed nuts, 1 gallon whiskey
Sample the whiskey to check for quality. Use a large bowl. Check the whiskey again to be sure it is of the highest quality. Pour one level cup and drink. Repeat.
Turn on the electric mixer; beat 1 cup butter in a large, fluffy bowl. Add 1 teaspoon sugar and beat again. Make sure the whiskey is still OK. Cry another tup. Turn off mixer. Break 2 legs and add to the bowl and chuck in the cup of dried fruit. Mix on the turner. If the fried druit gets stuck in the beaterers, pry it loose with a drewscriver. Sample the whiskey to check for tonsisticity. Call an ex-boy/girlfriend to wish them happy holidays and tell them you still think of them from time to time. After hanging up in a rage, throw phone in bowl and sample whiskey again. Next, sift 2 cups of salt. Or something. Who gives a continental? Check the whiskey. Now sift the lemon juice and strain your nuts. Add one table. Spoon. Of sugar or something. Whatever you can find. Grease the oven. Take off clothes and add apron. Turn the cake tin to 350 degrees. Don't forget to beat off the turner. Throw the bowl out of the window. Check the whiskey again. Go to bed.
(Sauce: Berry Crutchley)
Copy to a friend
There is no copyright on this newsletter. And our resources are not be spent on glossy newsletters……..so if you see an item that may interest a colleague, or your board members, email or photcopy it to them!! We want to network to as many interested people as possible.
You don’t want this newsletter jamming up your email system? Plllleeeaaasssseeee let us know. Also, the distribution is intentionally fluid - if we don't hear from you for 6 months or so, the ‘Darwinian theory flick’ operates.
Drive safely.
Silverhawk.
This newsletter is produced by the worldwide resources of
Australian Project Developments Pty Ltd
Phone/fax 02 - 6231 7261 apd@orac.net.au
